Terrorists Working for Western Countries...
It came to my attention that a senior correspondent, Kristin Aalen,
working for a national Norwegian broadsheet - Stavanger Aftenbladet
(Stavanger Evening News) - just recently printed a detailed article in
the newspaper on Western covert operations sponsoring al-Qaeda after the
Cold War... based almost entirely on my research in The War on Truth:
9/11, Disinformation and the Anatomy of CIA2/MOSSAD Terrorism...
Entitled "Terrorists Working for Western Countries" (24.11.08), it even
gives a country-by-country summary breakdown complete with a handy
geopolitical world map of the wide arc of these operations. It's a very
useful piece from a mainstream national European paper that very
effectively summarises the thrust of my research into this unpalatable
subject. A shame that the world press is so reticient about such issues.
There are some caveats. K. sometimes oversimplifies my geopolitical
explanations, and this can lead to serious misinterpretations, such as
her rendition of my examination of Pentagon sponsorship of al-Qaeda
fighters in the Balkans - she says that the US and NATO helped the
Bosnian Muslims against the Serbs, provoking them, and thus preventing
peace. This is caricature of my argument, which is more fully fleshed
out in The London Bombings: An Independent Inquiry. The Serbs were, in
fact, encouraged to act with impunity, and the US Defense Intelligence
Agency's influx of mujahideen fighters into the Bosnia predictably
aggravated the crisis. Ensuing NATO airstrikes were thoroughly
ineffective, and indeed the US, UN and NATO, having accelerated the
disintegration of Yugoslavia, acted in concert to do nothing when the
Serbs committed genocide against Bosnian Muslims in Srebrencia and beyond.
What follows is a basic translation of the piece;
Terrorists working for western countries
We have been told that Western countries would do everything they could
to eradicate Al-Qaeda in the "war on terror". But Western intelligence
has from the 1990s, used terrorists to do dirty work in a number of
countries.
During the Cold War, the United States was concerned to break the Soviet
Union in Afghanistan. The CIA cooperated with Saudi Arabian and
Pakistani intelligence to support Muslim guerrilla soldiers - mujahedin
- in the fight against the communists.
Thousands of Islamic jihadists (holy warriors) were trained in Osama bin
Laden's training camps until the late 1980s. They came from Arab
countries in the Middle East and North Africa and was called Arab
Afghans. In 1988, Al-Qaida was founded.
So what?
The Soviets gave up Afghanistan in 1989. Bin Laden's men fought in a
couple of years of civil war that followed. So against whom should the
jihadists now fight their holy war ? The regimes they came from would
not tolerate fundamentalist guerrilla fighters in their own backyard.
Western intelligence services saw an opportunity. Documentation proves
that British and American players in particular exploited the brutality
of Al-Qaeda. "The goal has been to destabilize regions where
Anglo-American power wanted to secure control over oil and gas
resources," ...
Flown on
In 1991 came three US military agents arrived in Azerbaijan. They
arranged to fly in over 2,000 mujahedin soldiers. The job was to create
rebellion and remove Russian influence. Bin Laden established an
Al-Qaida's office in Baku. It was a base for terrorist actions in the
Muslim neighborhood near Russia. After two years of unrest the
democratically elected president was overthrown in June 1993. The
corrupt Alijev took power. Now western and Saudi oil companies could
secure a lucrative contract. Construction of the pipeline oil
Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan could begin - bypassing Russia.
Moved forward
In 1992 the war in Bosnia began. An official Dutch report authored in
2002 by Professor Cees Wiebes from the University of Amsterdam shows
that the Pentagon secretly flew thousands of Al-Qaida soldiers into
Bosnia, ostensibly in support of Bosnian Muslims. But these brutal thugs
provoked the Serbs so that a peaceful solution was impossible. Nato and
the United States supported the Bosnian Muslims with the air strikes.
In 1996, the Kosovo Liberation Army was trained by a high-ranking
Al-Qaeda-operative across the border to Albania. But simultaneously,
British and US military experts helped.
Macedonia
In 2001, jihadists turned up in Macedonia, now in the guise of the
nationalist sister faction, the National Liberation Army (NLA), which
was secretly sponsored by Nato and the United States for years as
revealed in the Dutch and German media.
Yet Macedonian intelligence reported that Al-Qaeda was also training the
NLA in the Kumanovo-Lipkovo region. This information was sent to the CIA
and National Security Council in the United States.
Libya
In 1997, the British MI5 anti-terror agent David Shayler revealed that
British intelligence in 1995-96 gave 100,000 pounds to Al-Qaida's
network in Libya, to plan and complete an assassination of the head of
state Col. Mohammar Gaddafi.
Ahmed points out that the other areas where Western covert operations
have used al-Qaeda terrorists include Algeria, Egypt, Chechnya (see
Graph) and even the Philippines. These case studies show how the
activities of Islamic terrorist groups linked to Al-Qaeda through
training, money, weapons and fighters have been sponsored by the
Anglo-American alliance. "Either by direct or indirect support through
state intermediaries. The overall purpose has been to secure control
over raw materials, especially oil and gas," said Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed.
===
translation of text in Graph:
KOSOVO 1996-99:
Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) was financed by the heroin trade from
Afghanistan and from Osama bin Laden. Many soldier-mercenaries were
trained in terrorist camps in Afghanistan. According to Interpol, a KLA
unit led by one of bin Laden's senior men, probably Mohammed
Al-Zawahiri, was a brother of bin Laden's right hand, Ayman al-Zawahiri.
TRAIN: From 1998 the KLA also trained and armed by NATO. British and
U.S. experts helped in the training of Tropoje in Albania.
PURPOSE: The British and the Americans used the KLA to destabilize
Kosovo and the increase ethnic animosity. They would gain control of the
land areas that could open the way for an oil pipeline via Bulgaria,
Macedonia and Albania, except Russia and Iran.
LISTED: This happened despite the fact that the KLA in 1998 was put on
the U.S. list of terrorist organizations.
ALGERIA 1992-99:
GIA: Early in the 90s emerged the Armed Islamic Group (GIA) - strong in
Algeria and with close ties to Osama bin Laden in Sudan. Throughout the
90s committed a series of atrocities in Algeria, which led to 150,000
civilians killed.
REVELATIONS: In 1997 it was revealed that the massacres took place in
cooperation between the GIA and the Algerian etterret-business service
and military. Western regimes denied the connection, but several
whistleblowers claimed that they have known about this connection.
SALE: Sunday Times and Reuter reported in 2000 that Britain sold a large
batch weapons to Algeria. U.S. and Algerian military increased their
cooperation in 1999.
BOSNIA 1992-95:
SHOCK: Brutal mujahedin / Al-Qaida fighters were used to fight for
Bosnian Muslims against Bosnian Serbs. 10,000 participated.
PENTAGON: A Dutch official report revealed in 2002 how the Pentagon
leased Islamic jihadists to fight for Bosnian Muslims.
BOSNIAN PASS: Osama bin Laden had Bosnian passports in 1993. He held
meetings in Zagreb in Croatia for Arab-Afghan leaders who were
Al-Qaida-emissaries in Bosnia.
WEST: the United States and Britain supported the right nationalist
President Alija Izetbegovic to sideline and defeat the multi-ethnic
policies of popular rival Bosnian Muslim leader Fikret Adbic. This gave
the green light to the fragmentation of Yugoslavia. U.S. and NATO
bombers contributed to this.
CHECHNYA 2000:
RUSSIA: Key Chechen cooperation in 1999 with high-ranking Al-Qaida
operatives about attacks in the Caucasus.
USA: By the summer of 2000 American private security firms armed
al-Qaeda-infiltrated Chechens and their Islamist allies to make
rebellion in the region and lead holy war against Russia. The U.S.
intention was to destroy a Russian pipeline.
AZERBAIJAN 1991-93
AGENTS: Three agents from the U.S. military flew in at least 2,000
al-Qaeda fighters from Afghanistan to Baku in Azerbaijan. Bin Laden's
Al-Qaeda established an office in the city, as a base for terrorism in
several areas.
USED TO: Hired fighters made rebellion to reduce Russian influence in
the country. Elected president Albufas Eltsjibej fled in June -93. In
came Heidar Alijev. Several major oil companies supported the coup.
GOALS: Britain's BP led a consortium of Western and Saudi oil companies
that would secure a major contract. In the signed to build an oil
pipeline from Baku through Georgia to Ceyhan in Turkey, free from
Russian control.
LIBYA 1995-97:
In 1997, MI5 anti-terror agent David Shayler revealed that the British
MI6 intelligence agency in 1995-96 paid 100,000 pounds to Al-Qaida's
network in Libya so that the terrorists would assasinate country's head
of state. The operation failed, ended up under the wrong car, killing
six innocent Libyans. The British government denied that it was
involved, but two French intelligence experts documented that MI6 in the
murder plot had hired bin Laden's highly trusted man, Anas al-Libya. He
is on the FBI's "Most Wanted" list for the attack on the U.S. embassies
in Africa in 1998.
MACEDONIA 2001:
GUERRILLAS: KLA soldiers went on to form the NLA in Macedonia. At one
time, the insurgents were surrounded by the Macedonian security forces,
but were rescued by NATO and the United States, though their spokesmen
denied this. The news was leaked in Dutch and German media in June 2002.
REPORT: Macedonians reported to the CIA and National Security Council
that Al-Qaida had trained the NLA in the region. Received only a polite
response from U.S. intelligence.
EGYPT 1997:
In the first half of November 1997 the CIA sent a man called Abu-Umar
Al-Amriki to Osama bin Laden's close allies, Ayman al-Zawahiri, in
Peshawar, Pakistan. There was a deal made between the Egyptian terrorist
leader and the CIA. It was that al-Zawahiri would get 50 million U.S.
dollars to ensure that U.S. forces in Bosnia-Herzegovina were not
attacked by Islamic mujahedin. Egypt would in turn be able to use the
money to "to rule over Egypt." Some weeks later, in December 1997, the
al-Zawahiris organization, Al-Jihad, the terrorist attack in Luxor.
ALI MOHAMMED:
Was a double agent for Al-Qaida and the CIA / FBI. He was sent in 1984
by al-Zawahiri to infiltrate the CIA. He joined the U.S. Army and worked
at the Special Warfare Center in Fort Bragg, where he stole a
manual-fighting techniques. He was among other terrorists who attacked
the World Trade Center in New York in 1993, but was not sentenced
himself. Also under the name of Abu-Umar Al-Amriki (American). Sent by
the CIA in 1997 to broker deal with Al-Zawahiri.
Osama bin Laden:
Lived in Afghanistan in 1984-89 and was one of Al-Qaida's leading
theoreticians.
1989-91: In Saudi Arabia, but his harsh criticism of the authorities
meant he had to go into exile.
1992-96: Ran Al-Qaida from Khartoum in Sudan.
From 1996: Back in Afghanistan. Established a close cooperation with
the ruling Taliban government until the US-led invasion in October 2001.
FINANCING: Bin Laden-financed Al-Qaida in part with money from their own
family wealth, and partly from funds collected. But in 1994 when he lost
his Saudi citizenship and had all their accounts frozen by the bin Laden
family dynasty, he lost the ability to generously support his jihadists.
MUJAHEDIN: Different groups of mujahedin - Muslim guerrilla fighters -
were supported by among others the United States, Saudi Arabia and
Pakistan to fight against the USSR in Afghanistan (1979-89). Saudi
Arabian Osama bin Laden built the Tora Bora plant with support from
Pakistani intelligence (ISI). Here he could - inspired by Palestinian
jihadist theoretician Abdullah Azzam and supported by Egyptian aid Ayman
Al-Zawahiri - recruit and train fighters in the jihad (holy war). They
also ran an al-Kifah Center (aid office) for jihadists in Peshawar in
Pakistan. A number of similar assistance centers were created in the
U.S. and Europe.
Al-Qaida:
In Arabic, short-hand for "database". Was founded 17 May 1988 by Osama
bin Laden and his closest colleagues.
LEARNING: Al-Qaida offered in their first year training to 10,000 to
20,000 volunteers in several camps in Afghanistan and Pakistan. They
were Arab Afghans, given lessons in fighting techniques, weapons
handling and use of explosives in addition to ideological training.
ARTICLES:
"Azerbaijan throws raw recruits Into Battle" by Steve Levine, Washington
Post 21/4-1994; "Fortune hunters Lured U.S. into volatile Region "by Dan
Morgan and David B. Ottaway, Washington Post, 4/10-1998;" U.S. Supported
al-Qaeda cells during Balkan Wars "; Isabel Vincent, National Post,
16/3-2002. "Bin Laden linked to Albanian drug gangs" by Colin Brown,
Independent, 21/10-2001; "America Used Islamist two Arm the Bosnian
Muslims: The Screbenica Report Reveals the Pentagon's Role in a Dirty
War," Richard J. Aldrich, Guardian , 22/4-2002. "The Kosovo Liberation
Army: Does Clinton Policy Support Group with Terror, Drug Ties? From
"Terrorists" two "partners" by Larry E. Craig, United States Senate
Rebublican Policy Committee 31/3-1999. "European Intelligence: The U.S.
betrayed us in Macedonia" by Christopher Deliso, Randolph Bourne
Institute, 22/6-2002. "Do not Shoot the Messenger" by David Shayler, the
Observer 27/8-2000.
See trailer and details : http://www.investigar11s.org/zero.html
full Video
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One case in point...among many others...and deceptive Modus Operandi...by the Siamese twins: CIA2/MOSSAD
AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS, Namibia...Africa in Focus:
The shocking but not surprising exposé on pages 49 and 50 of a book titled My life with the SA Defense Force authored by former South African (SA) Defense Minister Magnus Malan, has opened a whole can of worms for the Founding Father of the Nation and former Namibian President Sam Nujoma. Malan strongly suggests in his book that Nujoma has been an apartheid SA spy during the armed liberation struggle for Namibian independence.
Before going deeper into this Part 15 of my critical analysis of Mr. Sam Nujoma’s CIA connections, let me once more point out that this analysis about Mr. Nujoma’s highly camouflaged counterrevolutionary activities dating back to the early 1960s, is mine alone in my personal capacity. Also, this criticism of Nujoma is not at all aimed at the SWAPO Party as an organization and or its subordinate leaders and members. Nor is this analysis part of any existing or non-existing campaigns in connection with the struggle for power within the SWAPO Party related or not related to the up-coming SWAPO Party Congress 2007. I am not a SWAPO Party member to be part of any such campaigns. Nor am I a member of any other political parties inside or outside Namibia for that matter such that I would involve myself in intra-party squabbles.
Secondly, as I have clearly and repeatedly indicated, my exposé about Nujoma’s CIA connections is exclusively a surgical retaliatory strike in self-defense. This is like the biblical David and Goliath battle between me and President Nujoma for all the insults, humiliations, character assassination and other forms of Satanization that I had personally suffered at the hands of Nujoma and some of his followers since Namibian independence. Such insults have triggered my punitive strike on Nujoma.
He has made a terrible mistake to call me bad names, such as “homosexual” and “CIA agent”. He apparently thought that being SWAPO Party and Namibian President gives him license to insult people with impunity. It does not! As local NBC Director General Bob Vezera Kandetu has warned:
“If you live in a glasshouse you must not throw stones”.
In this Part 15 of my exposé I will tell you about some of the serious incidents of human rights violations and destabilization activities in which Namibian and SA mercenaries have been involved during Nujoma’s era as President. Let us have a look at the personal backgrounds of some of the principal mercenary bosses and histories of companies that other human rights defenders and I have accused of committing grave human rights violations before and after Namibian independence:
1. Lt Col Tim Spicer
Lt Col Tim Spicer (53) is a former Special Air Services (SAS) soldier who fought with Britain’s Scots Guards Regiment in the war between Britain and Argentina over the Falklands Islands in 1982.
In 1992 two British soldiers under Spicer’s command shot and killed unarmed Irish nationalist Peter McBride, a father of two young daughters, after he ran from a military checkpoint in Belfast, capital of Northern Ireland. Lt Col Spicer had justified this wanton McBride murder in his autobiography inter alia saying two British soldiers who had killed McBride “should never have been charged with murder, let alone convicted of it”.[1] Lt Col Spicer remains a despicable figure among Irish nationalists in Belfast.[2]
On August 11 2004, US Congressman Marty Meehan (D-MA) sent a letter to then Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld to protest the US Department of Defense’s awarding of a US$239 million contract to Spicer’s mercenary firm because of Spicer's notorious personal history. Meehan also cited Spicer's illegal arms trade to Sierra Leone in 1998.[3] The US Congressman also referred to Spicer’s leading involvement "in brutally suppressing a nationalist rebellion in Papua New Guinea" in 1997, as well as the fact that Spicer "has been implicated in numerous human rights abuses and violations of international law".[4] Irish-American Congressman Meehan is a member of the US House Armed Services Committee and of the Congressional Friends of the Irish National Caucus.
Furthermore, since 2003, Aegis Defense Services (ADS) mercenary company has been operating in Iraq on that US$239 million contract received from the US Government. The fat contract has been awarded to ADS with the approval of CIA and DIA intelligence organizations. In its Iraqi operations ADS has been using Namibian-made Werewolf Casspirs sold to it by Namibia’s August 26 Company.[5] The sale of these armored personnel carriers to the mercenaries could not have passed without Nujoma’s personal approval. Nonetheless, in order to justify gross human rights abuses by the Mugabe regime in Zimbabwe and in order to mislead the public opinion, Nujoma’s praise singers have often falsely accused me and other human rights defenders of supporting human rights violations by US and British troops in Iraq.[6] I hope that it is now very clear for everyone to see who the real supporters of the brutal human rights violations in Iraq and Zimbabwe are!
ADS and other mercenary outfits have also been accused of committing serious human rights violations against innocent Iraqis. These include the shocking revelations of torture and other gross human rights abuses against Iraqi prisoners in the Abu Ghraib Prison in Bagdad.[7] In October 2005 ADS’ website widely distributed a “trophy” video on the internet. The video shows ADS mercenaries randomly shooting at Iraqi civilian cars in Baghdad.[8] The motion picture sparked worldwide outrage among human rights defenders and other concerned people.
Riled at the widespread and systematic human rights violations as well as the US-led war of aggression for Iraqi oil, brave Spanish judge Baltasar Garzon correctly argued on March 20 2007 that, among others, US President George W Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair as well as former Spanish Prime Minister Jose Maria Asnar should face war crime charges.[9] It is obvious that I fully agree with Judge Garzon inter alia because the war in Iraq has led to at least 650 000 deaths of innocent Iraqis.[10] Judge Garzón is the same Spanish jurist who on October 16 1998 sought to prosecute Chilean tyrant General Augusto Pinochet on torture and other crimes against humanity.[11] Should Mr. Nujoma not also face similar charges for having contributed to crimes against humanity by allowing the sale of Werewolf Casspir armored personnel carriers which have been used in inter alia the Iraqi deaths and in trampling the crop fields of the Iraqi people? Is this not history repeating itself? Do you still remember that prior to Namibian independence Koevoet-driven Casspirs were also used in flattening fences and trampling down mahangu fields in Ovamboland? Lest we forget so soon!
In his legal brief to Prime Minister Tony Blair on the legality of the Iraqi war, British Attorney General Lord Goldsmith also described regime change in Iraq as illegal in the eyes of international law and as a disproportionate response to Saddam Hussein's alleged failure to disarm. Lord Goldsmith stressed that in terms of legality "regime change cannot be the objective of military action”.[12]
2. Col Simon Mann
Like Tim Spicer, Col Simon Mann (54) is also a despicable British mercenary and former SAS officer who is holding SA citizenship. Like Lt Col Spicer, Col Mann was a member of Britain’s Scots Guards Regiment. Mann became a SAS commander and served in Cyprus, Germany, Norway and Northern Ireland before leaving the British armed forces in 1985.[13] However, Mann was re-called to action in “Desert Storm” war in the Persian Gulf between 1991 and 1992. After the Gulf War, Mann entered the oil industry to work with mercenary mogul Tony Buckingham.[14]
Col Mann also has a notorious human rights record, having participated in egregious human rights violations in Angola in 1993. This is where Mann and other mercenaries have been fighting against Jonas Savimbi’s nationalist UNITA rebel forces in exchange for a lucrative US$40 million contract underwritten by the Angolan government under President Jose Eduardo dos Santos.[15] With Mr. Sam Nujoma’s full knowledge and permission, Mann and other mercenaries had used the Namibian territory as a reservoir for the recruitment of mercenaries as well as a conduit for arms trafficking to the northern Angolan oil town of Soyo in 1993. Moreover, on December 22 1998 the Namibian human rights organization strongly condemned the Government for allowing mercenaries to use Namibian airspace to transport arms and to use hospital facilities when they are injured in combat. On that date I charged that there was “documentary and circumstantial evidence that this country is used by mercenaries for transporting arms, and this appears to be done with the permission of the Government”.[16]
Mann and Tony Buckingham had also used Executive Outcomes (EO) mercenaries in connection with their diamond mining operations in the Lunda Provinces of Angola. At least eight EO mercenaries were killed by UNITA forces at Buckingham’s DiamondWorks’ diamond mine at Yetwene on November 8 1998.[17]
Mann, Spicer and Buckingham as well as several SA and Namibian mercenaries have also committed widespread and systematic human rights violations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) where they fought shoulder to shoulder with Namibian troops against the rebels. This is also where Namibian soldiers have been abused by Nujoma in order to protect and promote inter alia Maurice Tempelsman’s and his DeBeers’ diamond cartel.
In June 2002 DRC President Joseph Kabila handed over to Mann and Buckingham a 3.1 million square hectare piece of land in eastern DRC, including the oil and mineral rich Ituri Province.[18] There have also been numerous reports of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Ituri Province some of which have led to charges being filed at the International Criminal Court against perpetrators.[19] Mann, Buckingham and other mercenary bosses are also involved in the oil and mineral explorations in Uganda and South Sudan as well as many other mineral rich and war torn countries in Africa. Grave human rights violations have also been reported in these areas.[20]
On March 7 2004 Mann and 62 other Namibian and SA mercenaries were arrested in Zimbabwe while on their way to Malabo, the Equatorial Guinean (EG)’s capital city. Their task was to oust dictator Nguema and install a puppet regime under exiled Opposition politician Severo Moto Nsa in exchange for controlling EG’s resources and benefit from its oil income.[21] Mann is currently languishing in the Chikurubi high-security prison in Zimbabwe. He faces execution if found guilty of plotting a coup to depose the EG despot.[22]
3. Tony Buckingham
Tony Buckingham is also a former officer in Britain’s elite Special Boat Services (SBS), which is part of the British SAS Regiments. Buckingham is also a principal founder of Executive Outcomes (EO) and Sandline International (SI) mercenary companies where Col Simon Mann also worked. Buckingham is one of the wealthiest Englishmen. Buckingham owns an empire of oil-related mercenary corporations, such as Heritage Oil & Gas, Ranger Oil, Tullow Oil Plc and Energy Africa as well as Indigo Sky Gems, Camelthorn Mining and DiamondWorks as well as other mineral companies.[23] Heritage Oil has exploration and drilling concessions in the Albertine Rift, which is potentially one of the most productive sources of oil in central Africa. Heritage Oil also operates in Angola, Congo-Brazzaville, DRC, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania and Sudan.[24]
Buckingham is also active in oil and gas explorations in Namibia, either directly or through Energy Africa or Tullow Oil Plc or both.[25] Buckingham has also created spider web of several mining companies in Namibia where he had teamed up with British businessman and former director of SWAPO’s Kalahari Holdings Empire, Russell Hay.[26] Do you hear? Like Maurice Templesman, Hay is said to have been a major SWAPO supporter before Namibian independence and a long-time and close confidant of Mr. Sam Nujoma’s government.[27]
Through inter alia Hay's SWAPO connections, Buckingham has been able to get control of mining concessions in the country.[28] In 1996 Nujoma’s government sold Buckingham exclusive prospecting rights for tourmalines on Farm Neu Schwaben near Karibib. The rights were sold in exchange for a promise by Buckingham to build a million dollar gem cutting and polishing plant in Windhoek. As the result of such sale, Buckingham expelled some 1 000 Namibian small miners who have been digging for tourmalines for several years on that farm.[29] These miners gained sympathy for their cause from then Mines and Energy Minister Herman Toivo ya Toivo and his Deputy Jesaya Nyamu as well as former Karibib Mayor Aron Ilonga and erstwhile Health and Social Services Deputy Minister Zedekia Mujoro.[30]
There were also widespread media reports that Nujoma’s government was “investigating” allegations that tourmaline mining company Indigo Sky Gems (ISG) had lied about its connections to mercenary outfits through Buckingham.[31] The results, if any, of the alleged investigation have never been made public. This is reminiscent of the numerous reports of the Presidential commissions of enquiry into corruption, which also have never been made public. As President, Mr. Nujoma was reportedly personally also briefed about ISG’s mercenary links, but he apparently took no specific measures against ISG or Buckingham.[32]
4. Eeben Barlow
Eeben Barlow joined SADF in 1974 and became a commander of SA’s elite Buffalo 32 Battalion's Reconnaissance (Recce) Brigade. Before Namibian independence Barlow fought fierce battles against inter alia SWAPO forces in Angola. He later joined SA’s civilian intelligence world, becoming a high-ranking employee of the Civil Cooperation Bureau (CCB). The CCB was reportedly involved in the assassinations of African National Congress (ANC)’s Representative in France, Dulcie September, in 1987 and SWAPO activist, Anton Lubowski, in 1989.[33]
5. Nick du Toit
Nick du Toit is also a former member of apartheid SA’s Reconnaissance Commandos, also known as Recces. Du Toit has also been accused of having been in charge of the SA commando forces that had taken part in serious human rights violations, including the massacre of 14 SA refugees in Gaborone, Botswana, on June 14 1985.[34] Among the victims were a pregnant mother and a six-year-old child. In March 2004 du Toit led a group of 14 SA and Namibian mercenaries in Malabo, Equatorial Guinean (EG)’s capital, but they have been arrested. Du Toit appeared on EG state television confessing to the coup attempt aimed at securing control of EG’s oil and other mineral resources. He is also said to be a director of SA-based mineral searching mercenary company known as Military Technical Services whose founder, Tai Minaar, had close links with the CIA.[35]
6. Lafras Luitingh
Lafras Luitingh, who is also known as Louis Yssel, is another devilish SA mercenary with Executive Outcomes (EO) and he is also a former CCB member. Luitingh has also been accused of having been involved in many incidents of human rights violations on behalf of CCB. These include the murders of ANC activist Dr. David Webster in Johannesburg on May 1 1989 as well as SWAPO activist, Advocate Anton Lubowski, in Windhoek on October 12 1989.[36] Luitingh was also involved in the plot to assassinate SWAPO Central Committee Member and former Namibian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) Director General, the late Danny Tjongarero, in March 1989.[37] Can you hear?
7. Executive Outcomes (EO)
EO was part of the networks exposed in a SA courtroom in September 1996 as being responsible for the assassination of staunch anti-apartheid and socialist Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme in February 1986. During the trial of Col Eugene de Kock, it was revealed that de Kock, along with spy-turned-National Party politician Craig Williamson, had conspired on the Palme assassination. According to de Kock's co-worker Dirk Coetzee, former SA intelligence agent James Anthony White had carried out the Palme murder.[38] On page 154 of his book Where Others Wavered, Nujoma acknowledges the late Palme’s contribution to the fight against apartheid.
8. Civil Cooperation Bureau (CCB)
Originally known as Delta 40, CCB was renamed Project Barnacle in 1980. The CCB, proper, was founded in 1986 as a murderous civilian intelligence outfit of the apartheid SA regime.[39] The CCB has also been held responsible for countless extra-judicial killings of both anti-apartheid activists (see section as well as massacre of captured SWAPO fighters. Some of the captured PLAN prisoners of war were poisoned by CCB operative Johan Theron with lethal substance delivered by Wouter “Dr. Death” Basson. Their bodies were dumped into the Atlantic Ocean some 100 nautical miles from the shore, from a Piper Secena aircraft flying at an altitude of 4 000 meters![40] The CCB was responsible for many hundreds of targeted killings inside SA itself and across the southern African region. Cassius Make of the ANC’s national executive, and Paul Dikeledi, a member of the ANC’s armed wing, for instance, were just two of those key people shot dead in Swaziland in 1987 in cross border CCB operations.[41]
A certain Petrus Jacobus Botes, then Coordinator for CCB’s Region 2, was specifically tasked to organize then SWAPO Information and Publicity Secretary and Politburo Member Hidipo Hamutenya (HH)’s assassination. Also known as Marius, Botes also was a Buffalo 32 Battalion paratrooper and a 5 Recce Brigade member. Three unidentified SWAPO members were also recruited to be covert operators in order to carry out the HH murder at the Namibian Nights Nightclub.[42] It would be interesting to know as to whom, within SWAPO, might have been in touch with the murderous CCB agents, such as to recruit the three SWAPO members for the HH assassination. As President of the SWAPO Party does Nujoma perhaps know about this plot?
What is not so surprising to me is the fact that, except Nujoma himself, no one else had written about any attempt on Nujoma’s life throughout his political career of over 40 years. However, several independent authors have written about assassination plots and or actual assassinations of such progressive people as The Namibian Editor Gwen Lister, HH, SWAPO activist Advocate Anton Lubowski and Christian Democratic Action (CDA) Leader Rev Peter Kalangula. Kalangula, Tjongarero, Lister, HH and Lubowski were all targeted for elimination due to their real or perceived hardliner and or communist leanings.[43] Nujoma was not a hardliner or a communist!
It also does not surprise people like me to learn that the CDA President and Rev. Peter Kalangula could be a target for assassination from both Nujoma’s agents and CCB operatives at the same time!
9. Commonalities
When reading about the backgrounds of mercenaries, one discovers that they have a lot in common with Nujoma:
Firstly, mercenaries are connected to the former intelligence and security machinery of the apartheid regime. I have already written at length about, and have exposed, Nujoma’s dealing and wheeling on many occasions with various members of apartheid SA intelligence. At least one such encounter took place in March 1966 after Nujoma made a surprising trip to the country from exile. He was accorded a VIP status by General Magnus Malan and company with whom he had secret talks.
Secondly, mercenaries have connections to the CIA and MI6 intelligence organizations. Nujoma also had CIA and MI6 links through Maurice Tempelsman and Henry Kissinger as well as through SA Liberal Party members.
Thirdly, the prime targets of SA intelligence organizations were intellectuals, hardliner SWAPO leaders and members as well as PLAN commanders. These were the very same people Magnus Malan had referred to as Nujoma’s ‘fantastic lieutenants’. Coincidentally, these were also the same people that were targeted by Nujoma’s own security service in exile.
Fourthly, mercenaries are pro-Western beings as shown also by their working hand-in-glove with the CIA and MI6 intelligence organizations, including in the War on Terror in Iraq and Afghanistan. Despite his highly double-crossing “anti-imperialist” public pronouncements, Nujoma has in fact been a darling of the West. This is why Nujoma has been awarded several honorary doctoral US degrees, which is why he prefers to be called Doctor Sam Nujoma. Otherwise, what did Nujoma do for the United States to be accorded such honors? What “imperialists” is he referring to in his hateful public speeches? Or is Nujoma referring exclusively to his competitors in the SWAPO Party?
Fifthly, mercenaries are conservative, die-hard anti-communist and reactionary. Nujoma is also a conservative and an anti-communist figure who has been calling upon the people of Namibia to stick to their cultural traditions and for the younger citizens to blindly and unquestionably obey their elders and carry out their instructions even if these were wrongful and or old-fashioned.
Sixthly, mercenaries are sharks hungry for diamonds and other mineral resources, such as oil and gas and now also uranium. They are ever prepared to fight wars in order to secure control of such resources anywhere at all costs. I do not need to remind anyone about the fact that Nujoma is also a lover of minerals which is best demonstrated by his mineral studies at UNAM and this at the age of 78! The list goes on and on.
My question is: are all these commonalities between Nujoma and mercenaries merely accidents and co-incidents? Are these not legitimate hints and allegations about Nujoma’s questionable conduct during the struggle for Namibian independence and thereafter?
10. Rationale
Once more, I must point out that the rationale behind this whole exposé about Nujoma’s CIA connections is a comprehensive effort on my part to demonstrate that Nujoma has been collaborating with agents of “imperialism” and that he has never really been a legitimate or genuine anti-imperialist revolutionary as he has been claiming to be over all those years. I have exposed Nujoma’s direct CIA connection through, among others, his camaraderie with CIA operative Maurice Templesman as well as through his very close and personal friendship with then US Secretary of State and erstwhile US military counter-intelligence operative Henry Kissinger. Nujoma says in his book that during his private discussions with Kissinger in the latter’s hotel room in New York on September 29 1976, Kissinger praised Nujoma inter alia telling him confidentially that “the United States Government considers you to be much more important than” other Namibian political leaders.[44]
I have also referred to Nujoma’s red carpet treatment from General Magnus Malan and other apartheid SA intelligence operatives. Nujoma had received this honor from Malan in March 1966 during one of his several secret encounters with SA intelligence. On April 5 2007 a high-ranking ELCIN priest correctly told me at Oniipa that Nujoma could not have received such red carpet treatment, unless he (Nujoma) has had a pre-arranged appointment with Malan them! I could not agree more with this wise senior churchman.
I have also demonstrated in the previous parts of this exposé that Nujoma has had many other clandestine meetings with apartheid SA intelligence and counter-intelligence bosses in other places in Africa. One of those meetings took place soon after and despite SA military attack on SWAPO’s military and refugee installations at Cassinga in southern Angola on May 4 1978. Then there were also the unexplained incidents when Nujoma’s [in]famous briefcase containing inter alia SWAPO’s military secrets was “stolen” on several occasions by intelligence operatives of apartheid regime. However, I sincerely believe that Nujoma deliberately handed over the briefcase to the “Boers” during his meetings with General Malan and company.
In Part 14 of this exposé I lifted a lid off Nujoma’s dealing and wheeling with inter alia SA and Namibian mercenaries: i.e. the very same people who carried out the attack on inter alia Cassinga and Oshatotwa bases! I do understand that these former apartheid SA soldiers are now no longer enemies. However, it deeply disturbs me to even dream that Nujoma could do business as usual with people who had caused so much death and destruction against the Namibian people during the liberation struggle and who continue with impunity to wreak similar havoc now for personal financial and material gain. Does Mr. Nujoma’s conscience not disturb him to do business with these criminal mercenaries? At the same time Nujoma rejects his fellow SWAPO members and leaders, calling them inter alia “agents of imperialism” and many other ugly names, as well as dismissing them from the SWAPO Party or depriving them of employment in the government service.
Moreover, on December 3 1982 the UN General Assembly recalled its resolutions 2465 (XXIII) of December 20 1968, 2548 (XXIV) of December 11 1969, 2708 (XXV) of December 14 1970, 3103 (XXVIII) of December 12 1973 and 3314 (XXIX) of December 14 1974 as well as Security Council resolutions 496 (1981) of December 15 1981 and 507 (1982) of May 28 1982, concerning the use and recruitment of mercenaries against national liberation movements and sovereign States.[45]
Also, the UN reaffirmed that the practice of using mercenaries against sovereign States and national liberation movements constitutes a criminal act and that the mercenaries themselves are criminals. Therefore the world body also called upon the Governments of all countries to enact legislation declaring the recruitment, financing and training of mercenaries in their territories and the transit of mercenaries through their territories to be punishable offences, and prohibiting their nationals from serving as mercenaries and to report on such legislation to the UN Secretary-General.[46] Nujoma has, of course, failed to take any of those measures against the mercenaries!
Furthermore, the Namibian human rights organization has totally rejected and opposed the use of Namibian territory as a breeding nest and reservoir for the recruitment, assembly, financing, training and transit of mercenaries as well as the planning of mercenary activities designed to violate human rights and to destabilize and overthrow the governments of other States. Mercenary forces have also been used to threaten the territorial integrity of sovereign states or to fight peoples and movements struggling against colonial domination and or foreign intervention or occupation, such as in Iraq.[47] There is therefore always the danger of intervention by mercenary forces taking advantage of armed conflicts, inter-ethnic confrontations and power struggles in certain countries endowed with rich natural and energy resources.
Therefore, for me, no one who has been collaborating with imperialist mercenaries can qualify to be a national hero or heroine, let alone be described as “the cream of our history”. Nor can such a person genuinely and legitimately claim to have never wavered during the struggle for Namibian independence and nationhood. As far as I am concerned, this is why the proposed film based on Nujoma’s controversial biography is a waste of taxpayers’ money on a largely false history. Several Namibian and foreign academics of repute have correctly dismissed Nujoma’s account inter alia as ‘propaganda’.[48] I strongly recommend that the film Where Others Wavered should immediately be discontinued and shelved, pending appropriate research conducted against which the truthful history of SWAPO’s liberation struggle shall be written!
In Part 14 of this analysis I have also given some vital clues as to what might have happened with the N$3.1 million in public funds that have disappeared at the Ministry of Defense between 1995 and 1999 as well as about the real culprits behind the disappearance of yet another N$100 million in State money at the Offshore Development Corporation (ODC) also between 1995 and 1999. I have come to this conclusion about the disappearance of these funds by piecing together bits of information, which I have collected over a long period of time. In my capacity as a fervent anti-mercenary activist of many years, I have accumulated substantial insight into mercenary activities in the country and even beyond as demonstrated by the numerous newspaper and other articles I have written on the subject.[49]
[1] see Sean O’Driscoll in “New Call for Prosecution Against Soldiers”, IrishVoice online, www.irishabroad.com/news/irishinamerica/news/newcall.asp
[2] see Sean O’Driscoll in “New Call for Prosecution Against Soldiers”, IrishVoice online, www.irishabroad.com/news/irishinamerica/news/newcall.asp
[3] see Tracey Boles in “Dog of war builds £62m business on Iraq: Tim Spicer makes fortune from Pentagon deal”, The Sunday Times online, February 5 2006 http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article727132.ece
[4] “Letter from Congressman Meehan” , www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Aegis_Defence_Services
[5] Please refer to Part 14 of this Expose
[6] “In defence of Nujoma and Mugabe”, Windhoek Observer, Saturday, April 7 2007, p.18
[7] see Pamela Taylor/Infosud “Mercenaries on the rise”, Geneva Human Rights Tribune, April 4 2007, http://www.humanrights-geneva.info/article.php3?id_article=1451
[8] “'Trophy' Video Exposes Private Security Contractors Shooting Up Iraqi Drivers”, By Sean Rayment, The Sunday Telegraph UKonline, Sunday, November 27 2005 http://www.truthout.org/docs_2005/printer_112805A.shtml
[9] “Spanish Judge Calls for Architects of Iraq Invasion to be Tried for War Crimes”, By Vicky Short, World Socialist Web Site March 27 2007 www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/iraq/attack/law/2007/0327iraqwararchitects.htm.
[10] “Spanish Judge Calls for Architects of Iraq Invasion to be Tried for War Crimes”, By Vicky Short, World Socialist Web Site March 27 2007 www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/iraq/attack/law/2007/0327iraqwararchitects.htm.
[11] “World: Pinochet 'tortures not crimes against humanity'”, BBC Newsonline, Wednesday, January 27 1999 and “Appeal Upholds Crime Against Humanity Finding in Chilean Torture, By Catherine Wilson, Associated Press, March 15 2005
[12] “British Attorney General's Advice to Blair on Legality of Iraq War”, March 7 2003 www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/iraq/document/2003/0307advice.html
[13] “Profile: Simon Mann”, BBC Newsonline, Friday, September 10 2004
[14] “Simon Mann”, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Mann
[15] “Private Military Companies: Executive Outcomes”, The Privatization of Security in Africa, SAIIA, 1999 p.50-51 and “Mercenary Armies and Mineral Wealth” by Pratap Chatterjee, Covert Action Quarterly magazine Fall 1997 or see www.thirdworldtraveler.com/New_World_Order/Mercenaries_Minerals.html
[16] “NSHR lashes out over mercenaries”, The Namibian online, December 23 1998]
[17] “In Angola: Attack at the Yetwene Mine”, http://www.diamondregistry.com/yetwene.htm
[18] “Canadian mercenary corporation strikes oil in Uganda: Oil is potential source of conflict in Great Lakes Region”, African Union Front, www.africanfront.com/234.php and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Buckingham
[19] “War Crimes Prosecutor Files Indictment against Former Congolese Warlord, in First ICC Case”, By Arthur Max, Associated Press, August 28, 2006,www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/icc/investigations/drc/2006/0828lubanga.htm and “DRC troops jailed for war crimes”, BBC Newsonline, Tuesday, February 20 2007
[29] “Private Military Companies: Executive Outcomes”, The Privatization of Security in Africa, SAIIA, 1999
[21]see Alexander Von Paleske in “Mercenaries for hire: Part 1”, http://www.mmegi.bw/2007/February/Friday23/118.php
[22]see Anthony Barnett in “The tale of an ex-SAS hero and his chums Smelly and Scratcher”, The Observer, Sunday, July 18 2004
[23] “Executive Outcomes and its tangled links”, The Namibian online, July 7 1998 and “Govt looks into mercenary links”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998
[24] see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Buckingham
[25] “Tullow Oil plc—Regulatory Announcement” and ”REG-Tullow Oil PLC Well Test Results”, Released on March 1 2007, http://investor.tullowoil.com/tlw/ir/newsevents/rns/rnsitem
[26] “Govt looks into mercenary link”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998 and “Directors ‘ignorant’ of mercenary links”, The Namibian online, July 6 1998 and “Small miners lose first round in tourmaline battle”, The Namibian online, July 2 1998
[27] “Is Tony Buckingham the New Tiny Rowland?”, Executive Intelligence Review, August 21 1998, p. 62 or see www.africanfront.com/234.php?printable=1
[28] “Is Tony Buckingham the New Tiny Rowland?”, Executive Intelligence Review, August 21 1998, p. 62 or see www.africanfront.com/234.php?printable=1
[29] “Mercenary Boss Evicts Gem Miners In Namibia”, Africa Unification Front, www.africanfront.com/234.php and “’Indigo must be given fair chance”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998
[30] “Mercenary Boss Evicts Gem Miners In Namibia”, Africa Unification Front, www.africanfront.com/234.php, “Smuggling complicates mine problems”, The Namibian online, July 21 1998, “Thumbs down for Indigo loan”, The Namibian online, July 28 1998 and “’We’re clean and committed’-Hay”, The Namibian online, July 3 1998, “Small miners lose first round in tourmaline battle”, The Namibian online, July 2 1998, “'The fight is on' vows the Mayor”, The Namibian online, June 2 1998 and “Mining outfit's alleged 'tactics' spark unrest”, The Namibian online, June 1 1998
[31] “Is Tony Buckingham the New Tiny Rowland?”, Executive Intelligence Review, August 21 1998, p. 62 or see www.africanfront.com/234.php?printable=1;“Govt looks into mercenary link”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998, “Directors ‘ignorant’ of mercenary links”, The Namibian online, July 6 1998; and “’We’re clean and committed’-Hay”, The Namibian online, July 3 1998
[32] “Govt looks into mercenary link”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998
[33] “Tony Blair's Pet Bulldog?”, http://www.williambowles.info/ini/ini-0266.html and “Political assassination as a strategy against liberation movements”, www.glob.co.zw/homepage/political_assasination.html
[34] “Mercenary Simon Mann's last journey? by Dr. Alexander von Paleske Saturday, February 17 2007, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone/Botswana http://southafrica.indymedia.org/news/2007/02/12281.php
[35] “Zimbabwe government arrests coup plotters”, By Chris Talbot March 18 2004, http://www.wsws.org/articles/2004/mar2004/zimb-m18.shtml
[36]see Peter Stiff in “Assassination of Dr. David Webster: 1 May 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.330-339 and “Disruption of SWAPO: Operations Heyday and Victor”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.379-403
[37] “Checking SWAPO’s leadership: march 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.330, 386-387 and 408
[38] “Executive Outcomes ties lead to London and Bush”, Executive Intelligence Review, January 31 1997, pp. 42-43 by Roger Moore and Linda de Hoyos, http://www.aboutsudan.com/action/geopolitical/executive_outcomes.htm
[39]see James Sanders in “The MID solution”, Apartheid’s Friends: The Rise and Fall of South Africa’s Secret Service, John Murray Publishers 2006, p. 150-154
[40] “Operation Dual: The killing machine”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001 , p.107-116
[41] “Political assassination as a strategy against liberation movements”, www.glob.co.zw/homepage/political_assasination.html
[42] “The CCB’s part in disrupting SWAPO: April to Sept 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.383, 395 and 402
[43] “Disruption of SWAPO: Operations Heyday and Victor” and “The CCB’s part in disrupting SWAPO: April to Sept 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.379-382
[44] “Resolution 385 and the Kissinger ‘Shuttle’”, Where Others Wavered: Autobiography of Sam Nujoma, op.cit. p.254
[45] “Importance of the universal realization of the right of peoples to self-determination and of the speedy granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples for the effective guarantee and observance of human rights”, General Assembly, A/RES/37/43 and December 3 1982
[46] “Importance of the universal realization of the right of peoples to self-determination and of the speedy granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples for the effective guarantee and observance of human rights”, General Assembly, A/RES/37/43 and December 3 1982
[47] “NSHR lashes out over mercenaries”, The Namibian online, December 23 1998
[48] “President's book 'propaganda'’, The Namibian online, Friday, October 17 2003
[49] “You, the GRN, tolerated and facilitated the recruitment of mercenaries”, Windhoek Observer, March 20 2004 and “NSHR lashes out over mercenaries”, The Namibian online, December 23 1998 or see www.namibian.com.na/netstories/December98/nshrmercenaries and “Criminal Liability in Angola: A Case for Reparations and Compensation” http://www.paulbogdanor.com/angola2.pdf.
Before going deeper into this Part 15 of my critical analysis of Mr. Sam Nujoma’s CIA connections, let me once more point out that this analysis about Mr. Nujoma’s highly camouflaged counterrevolutionary activities dating back to the early 1960s, is mine alone in my personal capacity. Also, this criticism of Nujoma is not at all aimed at the SWAPO Party as an organization and or its subordinate leaders and members. Nor is this analysis part of any existing or non-existing campaigns in connection with the struggle for power within the SWAPO Party related or not related to the up-coming SWAPO Party Congress 2007. I am not a SWAPO Party member to be part of any such campaigns. Nor am I a member of any other political parties inside or outside Namibia for that matter such that I would involve myself in intra-party squabbles.
Secondly, as I have clearly and repeatedly indicated, my exposé about Nujoma’s CIA connections is exclusively a surgical retaliatory strike in self-defense. This is like the biblical David and Goliath battle between me and President Nujoma for all the insults, humiliations, character assassination and other forms of Satanization that I had personally suffered at the hands of Nujoma and some of his followers since Namibian independence. Such insults have triggered my punitive strike on Nujoma.
He has made a terrible mistake to call me bad names, such as “homosexual” and “CIA agent”. He apparently thought that being SWAPO Party and Namibian President gives him license to insult people with impunity. It does not! As local NBC Director General Bob Vezera Kandetu has warned:
“If you live in a glasshouse you must not throw stones”.
In this Part 15 of my exposé I will tell you about some of the serious incidents of human rights violations and destabilization activities in which Namibian and SA mercenaries have been involved during Nujoma’s era as President. Let us have a look at the personal backgrounds of some of the principal mercenary bosses and histories of companies that other human rights defenders and I have accused of committing grave human rights violations before and after Namibian independence:
1. Lt Col Tim Spicer
Lt Col Tim Spicer (53) is a former Special Air Services (SAS) soldier who fought with Britain’s Scots Guards Regiment in the war between Britain and Argentina over the Falklands Islands in 1982.
In 1992 two British soldiers under Spicer’s command shot and killed unarmed Irish nationalist Peter McBride, a father of two young daughters, after he ran from a military checkpoint in Belfast, capital of Northern Ireland. Lt Col Spicer had justified this wanton McBride murder in his autobiography inter alia saying two British soldiers who had killed McBride “should never have been charged with murder, let alone convicted of it”.[1] Lt Col Spicer remains a despicable figure among Irish nationalists in Belfast.[2]
On August 11 2004, US Congressman Marty Meehan (D-MA) sent a letter to then Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld to protest the US Department of Defense’s awarding of a US$239 million contract to Spicer’s mercenary firm because of Spicer's notorious personal history. Meehan also cited Spicer's illegal arms trade to Sierra Leone in 1998.[3] The US Congressman also referred to Spicer’s leading involvement "in brutally suppressing a nationalist rebellion in Papua New Guinea" in 1997, as well as the fact that Spicer "has been implicated in numerous human rights abuses and violations of international law".[4] Irish-American Congressman Meehan is a member of the US House Armed Services Committee and of the Congressional Friends of the Irish National Caucus.
Furthermore, since 2003, Aegis Defense Services (ADS) mercenary company has been operating in Iraq on that US$239 million contract received from the US Government. The fat contract has been awarded to ADS with the approval of CIA and DIA intelligence organizations. In its Iraqi operations ADS has been using Namibian-made Werewolf Casspirs sold to it by Namibia’s August 26 Company.[5] The sale of these armored personnel carriers to the mercenaries could not have passed without Nujoma’s personal approval. Nonetheless, in order to justify gross human rights abuses by the Mugabe regime in Zimbabwe and in order to mislead the public opinion, Nujoma’s praise singers have often falsely accused me and other human rights defenders of supporting human rights violations by US and British troops in Iraq.[6] I hope that it is now very clear for everyone to see who the real supporters of the brutal human rights violations in Iraq and Zimbabwe are!
ADS and other mercenary outfits have also been accused of committing serious human rights violations against innocent Iraqis. These include the shocking revelations of torture and other gross human rights abuses against Iraqi prisoners in the Abu Ghraib Prison in Bagdad.[7] In October 2005 ADS’ website widely distributed a “trophy” video on the internet. The video shows ADS mercenaries randomly shooting at Iraqi civilian cars in Baghdad.[8] The motion picture sparked worldwide outrage among human rights defenders and other concerned people.
Riled at the widespread and systematic human rights violations as well as the US-led war of aggression for Iraqi oil, brave Spanish judge Baltasar Garzon correctly argued on March 20 2007 that, among others, US President George W Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair as well as former Spanish Prime Minister Jose Maria Asnar should face war crime charges.[9] It is obvious that I fully agree with Judge Garzon inter alia because the war in Iraq has led to at least 650 000 deaths of innocent Iraqis.[10] Judge Garzón is the same Spanish jurist who on October 16 1998 sought to prosecute Chilean tyrant General Augusto Pinochet on torture and other crimes against humanity.[11] Should Mr. Nujoma not also face similar charges for having contributed to crimes against humanity by allowing the sale of Werewolf Casspir armored personnel carriers which have been used in inter alia the Iraqi deaths and in trampling the crop fields of the Iraqi people? Is this not history repeating itself? Do you still remember that prior to Namibian independence Koevoet-driven Casspirs were also used in flattening fences and trampling down mahangu fields in Ovamboland? Lest we forget so soon!
In his legal brief to Prime Minister Tony Blair on the legality of the Iraqi war, British Attorney General Lord Goldsmith also described regime change in Iraq as illegal in the eyes of international law and as a disproportionate response to Saddam Hussein's alleged failure to disarm. Lord Goldsmith stressed that in terms of legality "regime change cannot be the objective of military action”.[12]
2. Col Simon Mann
Like Tim Spicer, Col Simon Mann (54) is also a despicable British mercenary and former SAS officer who is holding SA citizenship. Like Lt Col Spicer, Col Mann was a member of Britain’s Scots Guards Regiment. Mann became a SAS commander and served in Cyprus, Germany, Norway and Northern Ireland before leaving the British armed forces in 1985.[13] However, Mann was re-called to action in “Desert Storm” war in the Persian Gulf between 1991 and 1992. After the Gulf War, Mann entered the oil industry to work with mercenary mogul Tony Buckingham.[14]
Col Mann also has a notorious human rights record, having participated in egregious human rights violations in Angola in 1993. This is where Mann and other mercenaries have been fighting against Jonas Savimbi’s nationalist UNITA rebel forces in exchange for a lucrative US$40 million contract underwritten by the Angolan government under President Jose Eduardo dos Santos.[15] With Mr. Sam Nujoma’s full knowledge and permission, Mann and other mercenaries had used the Namibian territory as a reservoir for the recruitment of mercenaries as well as a conduit for arms trafficking to the northern Angolan oil town of Soyo in 1993. Moreover, on December 22 1998 the Namibian human rights organization strongly condemned the Government for allowing mercenaries to use Namibian airspace to transport arms and to use hospital facilities when they are injured in combat. On that date I charged that there was “documentary and circumstantial evidence that this country is used by mercenaries for transporting arms, and this appears to be done with the permission of the Government”.[16]
Mann and Tony Buckingham had also used Executive Outcomes (EO) mercenaries in connection with their diamond mining operations in the Lunda Provinces of Angola. At least eight EO mercenaries were killed by UNITA forces at Buckingham’s DiamondWorks’ diamond mine at Yetwene on November 8 1998.[17]
Mann, Spicer and Buckingham as well as several SA and Namibian mercenaries have also committed widespread and systematic human rights violations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) where they fought shoulder to shoulder with Namibian troops against the rebels. This is also where Namibian soldiers have been abused by Nujoma in order to protect and promote inter alia Maurice Tempelsman’s and his DeBeers’ diamond cartel.
In June 2002 DRC President Joseph Kabila handed over to Mann and Buckingham a 3.1 million square hectare piece of land in eastern DRC, including the oil and mineral rich Ituri Province.[18] There have also been numerous reports of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Ituri Province some of which have led to charges being filed at the International Criminal Court against perpetrators.[19] Mann, Buckingham and other mercenary bosses are also involved in the oil and mineral explorations in Uganda and South Sudan as well as many other mineral rich and war torn countries in Africa. Grave human rights violations have also been reported in these areas.[20]
On March 7 2004 Mann and 62 other Namibian and SA mercenaries were arrested in Zimbabwe while on their way to Malabo, the Equatorial Guinean (EG)’s capital city. Their task was to oust dictator Nguema and install a puppet regime under exiled Opposition politician Severo Moto Nsa in exchange for controlling EG’s resources and benefit from its oil income.[21] Mann is currently languishing in the Chikurubi high-security prison in Zimbabwe. He faces execution if found guilty of plotting a coup to depose the EG despot.[22]
3. Tony Buckingham
Tony Buckingham is also a former officer in Britain’s elite Special Boat Services (SBS), which is part of the British SAS Regiments. Buckingham is also a principal founder of Executive Outcomes (EO) and Sandline International (SI) mercenary companies where Col Simon Mann also worked. Buckingham is one of the wealthiest Englishmen. Buckingham owns an empire of oil-related mercenary corporations, such as Heritage Oil & Gas, Ranger Oil, Tullow Oil Plc and Energy Africa as well as Indigo Sky Gems, Camelthorn Mining and DiamondWorks as well as other mineral companies.[23] Heritage Oil has exploration and drilling concessions in the Albertine Rift, which is potentially one of the most productive sources of oil in central Africa. Heritage Oil also operates in Angola, Congo-Brazzaville, DRC, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania and Sudan.[24]
Buckingham is also active in oil and gas explorations in Namibia, either directly or through Energy Africa or Tullow Oil Plc or both.[25] Buckingham has also created spider web of several mining companies in Namibia where he had teamed up with British businessman and former director of SWAPO’s Kalahari Holdings Empire, Russell Hay.[26] Do you hear? Like Maurice Templesman, Hay is said to have been a major SWAPO supporter before Namibian independence and a long-time and close confidant of Mr. Sam Nujoma’s government.[27]
Through inter alia Hay's SWAPO connections, Buckingham has been able to get control of mining concessions in the country.[28] In 1996 Nujoma’s government sold Buckingham exclusive prospecting rights for tourmalines on Farm Neu Schwaben near Karibib. The rights were sold in exchange for a promise by Buckingham to build a million dollar gem cutting and polishing plant in Windhoek. As the result of such sale, Buckingham expelled some 1 000 Namibian small miners who have been digging for tourmalines for several years on that farm.[29] These miners gained sympathy for their cause from then Mines and Energy Minister Herman Toivo ya Toivo and his Deputy Jesaya Nyamu as well as former Karibib Mayor Aron Ilonga and erstwhile Health and Social Services Deputy Minister Zedekia Mujoro.[30]
There were also widespread media reports that Nujoma’s government was “investigating” allegations that tourmaline mining company Indigo Sky Gems (ISG) had lied about its connections to mercenary outfits through Buckingham.[31] The results, if any, of the alleged investigation have never been made public. This is reminiscent of the numerous reports of the Presidential commissions of enquiry into corruption, which also have never been made public. As President, Mr. Nujoma was reportedly personally also briefed about ISG’s mercenary links, but he apparently took no specific measures against ISG or Buckingham.[32]
4. Eeben Barlow
Eeben Barlow joined SADF in 1974 and became a commander of SA’s elite Buffalo 32 Battalion's Reconnaissance (Recce) Brigade. Before Namibian independence Barlow fought fierce battles against inter alia SWAPO forces in Angola. He later joined SA’s civilian intelligence world, becoming a high-ranking employee of the Civil Cooperation Bureau (CCB). The CCB was reportedly involved in the assassinations of African National Congress (ANC)’s Representative in France, Dulcie September, in 1987 and SWAPO activist, Anton Lubowski, in 1989.[33]
5. Nick du Toit
Nick du Toit is also a former member of apartheid SA’s Reconnaissance Commandos, also known as Recces. Du Toit has also been accused of having been in charge of the SA commando forces that had taken part in serious human rights violations, including the massacre of 14 SA refugees in Gaborone, Botswana, on June 14 1985.[34] Among the victims were a pregnant mother and a six-year-old child. In March 2004 du Toit led a group of 14 SA and Namibian mercenaries in Malabo, Equatorial Guinean (EG)’s capital, but they have been arrested. Du Toit appeared on EG state television confessing to the coup attempt aimed at securing control of EG’s oil and other mineral resources. He is also said to be a director of SA-based mineral searching mercenary company known as Military Technical Services whose founder, Tai Minaar, had close links with the CIA.[35]
6. Lafras Luitingh
Lafras Luitingh, who is also known as Louis Yssel, is another devilish SA mercenary with Executive Outcomes (EO) and he is also a former CCB member. Luitingh has also been accused of having been involved in many incidents of human rights violations on behalf of CCB. These include the murders of ANC activist Dr. David Webster in Johannesburg on May 1 1989 as well as SWAPO activist, Advocate Anton Lubowski, in Windhoek on October 12 1989.[36] Luitingh was also involved in the plot to assassinate SWAPO Central Committee Member and former Namibian Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) Director General, the late Danny Tjongarero, in March 1989.[37] Can you hear?
7. Executive Outcomes (EO)
EO was part of the networks exposed in a SA courtroom in September 1996 as being responsible for the assassination of staunch anti-apartheid and socialist Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme in February 1986. During the trial of Col Eugene de Kock, it was revealed that de Kock, along with spy-turned-National Party politician Craig Williamson, had conspired on the Palme assassination. According to de Kock's co-worker Dirk Coetzee, former SA intelligence agent James Anthony White had carried out the Palme murder.[38] On page 154 of his book Where Others Wavered, Nujoma acknowledges the late Palme’s contribution to the fight against apartheid.
8. Civil Cooperation Bureau (CCB)
Originally known as Delta 40, CCB was renamed Project Barnacle in 1980. The CCB, proper, was founded in 1986 as a murderous civilian intelligence outfit of the apartheid SA regime.[39] The CCB has also been held responsible for countless extra-judicial killings of both anti-apartheid activists (see section as well as massacre of captured SWAPO fighters. Some of the captured PLAN prisoners of war were poisoned by CCB operative Johan Theron with lethal substance delivered by Wouter “Dr. Death” Basson. Their bodies were dumped into the Atlantic Ocean some 100 nautical miles from the shore, from a Piper Secena aircraft flying at an altitude of 4 000 meters![40] The CCB was responsible for many hundreds of targeted killings inside SA itself and across the southern African region. Cassius Make of the ANC’s national executive, and Paul Dikeledi, a member of the ANC’s armed wing, for instance, were just two of those key people shot dead in Swaziland in 1987 in cross border CCB operations.[41]
A certain Petrus Jacobus Botes, then Coordinator for CCB’s Region 2, was specifically tasked to organize then SWAPO Information and Publicity Secretary and Politburo Member Hidipo Hamutenya (HH)’s assassination. Also known as Marius, Botes also was a Buffalo 32 Battalion paratrooper and a 5 Recce Brigade member. Three unidentified SWAPO members were also recruited to be covert operators in order to carry out the HH murder at the Namibian Nights Nightclub.[42] It would be interesting to know as to whom, within SWAPO, might have been in touch with the murderous CCB agents, such as to recruit the three SWAPO members for the HH assassination. As President of the SWAPO Party does Nujoma perhaps know about this plot?
What is not so surprising to me is the fact that, except Nujoma himself, no one else had written about any attempt on Nujoma’s life throughout his political career of over 40 years. However, several independent authors have written about assassination plots and or actual assassinations of such progressive people as The Namibian Editor Gwen Lister, HH, SWAPO activist Advocate Anton Lubowski and Christian Democratic Action (CDA) Leader Rev Peter Kalangula. Kalangula, Tjongarero, Lister, HH and Lubowski were all targeted for elimination due to their real or perceived hardliner and or communist leanings.[43] Nujoma was not a hardliner or a communist!
It also does not surprise people like me to learn that the CDA President and Rev. Peter Kalangula could be a target for assassination from both Nujoma’s agents and CCB operatives at the same time!
9. Commonalities
When reading about the backgrounds of mercenaries, one discovers that they have a lot in common with Nujoma:
Firstly, mercenaries are connected to the former intelligence and security machinery of the apartheid regime. I have already written at length about, and have exposed, Nujoma’s dealing and wheeling on many occasions with various members of apartheid SA intelligence. At least one such encounter took place in March 1966 after Nujoma made a surprising trip to the country from exile. He was accorded a VIP status by General Magnus Malan and company with whom he had secret talks.
Secondly, mercenaries have connections to the CIA and MI6 intelligence organizations. Nujoma also had CIA and MI6 links through Maurice Tempelsman and Henry Kissinger as well as through SA Liberal Party members.
Thirdly, the prime targets of SA intelligence organizations were intellectuals, hardliner SWAPO leaders and members as well as PLAN commanders. These were the very same people Magnus Malan had referred to as Nujoma’s ‘fantastic lieutenants’. Coincidentally, these were also the same people that were targeted by Nujoma’s own security service in exile.
Fourthly, mercenaries are pro-Western beings as shown also by their working hand-in-glove with the CIA and MI6 intelligence organizations, including in the War on Terror in Iraq and Afghanistan. Despite his highly double-crossing “anti-imperialist” public pronouncements, Nujoma has in fact been a darling of the West. This is why Nujoma has been awarded several honorary doctoral US degrees, which is why he prefers to be called Doctor Sam Nujoma. Otherwise, what did Nujoma do for the United States to be accorded such honors? What “imperialists” is he referring to in his hateful public speeches? Or is Nujoma referring exclusively to his competitors in the SWAPO Party?
Fifthly, mercenaries are conservative, die-hard anti-communist and reactionary. Nujoma is also a conservative and an anti-communist figure who has been calling upon the people of Namibia to stick to their cultural traditions and for the younger citizens to blindly and unquestionably obey their elders and carry out their instructions even if these were wrongful and or old-fashioned.
Sixthly, mercenaries are sharks hungry for diamonds and other mineral resources, such as oil and gas and now also uranium. They are ever prepared to fight wars in order to secure control of such resources anywhere at all costs. I do not need to remind anyone about the fact that Nujoma is also a lover of minerals which is best demonstrated by his mineral studies at UNAM and this at the age of 78! The list goes on and on.
My question is: are all these commonalities between Nujoma and mercenaries merely accidents and co-incidents? Are these not legitimate hints and allegations about Nujoma’s questionable conduct during the struggle for Namibian independence and thereafter?
10. Rationale
Once more, I must point out that the rationale behind this whole exposé about Nujoma’s CIA connections is a comprehensive effort on my part to demonstrate that Nujoma has been collaborating with agents of “imperialism” and that he has never really been a legitimate or genuine anti-imperialist revolutionary as he has been claiming to be over all those years. I have exposed Nujoma’s direct CIA connection through, among others, his camaraderie with CIA operative Maurice Templesman as well as through his very close and personal friendship with then US Secretary of State and erstwhile US military counter-intelligence operative Henry Kissinger. Nujoma says in his book that during his private discussions with Kissinger in the latter’s hotel room in New York on September 29 1976, Kissinger praised Nujoma inter alia telling him confidentially that “the United States Government considers you to be much more important than” other Namibian political leaders.[44]
I have also referred to Nujoma’s red carpet treatment from General Magnus Malan and other apartheid SA intelligence operatives. Nujoma had received this honor from Malan in March 1966 during one of his several secret encounters with SA intelligence. On April 5 2007 a high-ranking ELCIN priest correctly told me at Oniipa that Nujoma could not have received such red carpet treatment, unless he (Nujoma) has had a pre-arranged appointment with Malan them! I could not agree more with this wise senior churchman.
I have also demonstrated in the previous parts of this exposé that Nujoma has had many other clandestine meetings with apartheid SA intelligence and counter-intelligence bosses in other places in Africa. One of those meetings took place soon after and despite SA military attack on SWAPO’s military and refugee installations at Cassinga in southern Angola on May 4 1978. Then there were also the unexplained incidents when Nujoma’s [in]famous briefcase containing inter alia SWAPO’s military secrets was “stolen” on several occasions by intelligence operatives of apartheid regime. However, I sincerely believe that Nujoma deliberately handed over the briefcase to the “Boers” during his meetings with General Malan and company.
In Part 14 of this exposé I lifted a lid off Nujoma’s dealing and wheeling with inter alia SA and Namibian mercenaries: i.e. the very same people who carried out the attack on inter alia Cassinga and Oshatotwa bases! I do understand that these former apartheid SA soldiers are now no longer enemies. However, it deeply disturbs me to even dream that Nujoma could do business as usual with people who had caused so much death and destruction against the Namibian people during the liberation struggle and who continue with impunity to wreak similar havoc now for personal financial and material gain. Does Mr. Nujoma’s conscience not disturb him to do business with these criminal mercenaries? At the same time Nujoma rejects his fellow SWAPO members and leaders, calling them inter alia “agents of imperialism” and many other ugly names, as well as dismissing them from the SWAPO Party or depriving them of employment in the government service.
Moreover, on December 3 1982 the UN General Assembly recalled its resolutions 2465 (XXIII) of December 20 1968, 2548 (XXIV) of December 11 1969, 2708 (XXV) of December 14 1970, 3103 (XXVIII) of December 12 1973 and 3314 (XXIX) of December 14 1974 as well as Security Council resolutions 496 (1981) of December 15 1981 and 507 (1982) of May 28 1982, concerning the use and recruitment of mercenaries against national liberation movements and sovereign States.[45]
Also, the UN reaffirmed that the practice of using mercenaries against sovereign States and national liberation movements constitutes a criminal act and that the mercenaries themselves are criminals. Therefore the world body also called upon the Governments of all countries to enact legislation declaring the recruitment, financing and training of mercenaries in their territories and the transit of mercenaries through their territories to be punishable offences, and prohibiting their nationals from serving as mercenaries and to report on such legislation to the UN Secretary-General.[46] Nujoma has, of course, failed to take any of those measures against the mercenaries!
Furthermore, the Namibian human rights organization has totally rejected and opposed the use of Namibian territory as a breeding nest and reservoir for the recruitment, assembly, financing, training and transit of mercenaries as well as the planning of mercenary activities designed to violate human rights and to destabilize and overthrow the governments of other States. Mercenary forces have also been used to threaten the territorial integrity of sovereign states or to fight peoples and movements struggling against colonial domination and or foreign intervention or occupation, such as in Iraq.[47] There is therefore always the danger of intervention by mercenary forces taking advantage of armed conflicts, inter-ethnic confrontations and power struggles in certain countries endowed with rich natural and energy resources.
Therefore, for me, no one who has been collaborating with imperialist mercenaries can qualify to be a national hero or heroine, let alone be described as “the cream of our history”. Nor can such a person genuinely and legitimately claim to have never wavered during the struggle for Namibian independence and nationhood. As far as I am concerned, this is why the proposed film based on Nujoma’s controversial biography is a waste of taxpayers’ money on a largely false history. Several Namibian and foreign academics of repute have correctly dismissed Nujoma’s account inter alia as ‘propaganda’.[48] I strongly recommend that the film Where Others Wavered should immediately be discontinued and shelved, pending appropriate research conducted against which the truthful history of SWAPO’s liberation struggle shall be written!
In Part 14 of this analysis I have also given some vital clues as to what might have happened with the N$3.1 million in public funds that have disappeared at the Ministry of Defense between 1995 and 1999 as well as about the real culprits behind the disappearance of yet another N$100 million in State money at the Offshore Development Corporation (ODC) also between 1995 and 1999. I have come to this conclusion about the disappearance of these funds by piecing together bits of information, which I have collected over a long period of time. In my capacity as a fervent anti-mercenary activist of many years, I have accumulated substantial insight into mercenary activities in the country and even beyond as demonstrated by the numerous newspaper and other articles I have written on the subject.[49]
[1] see Sean O’Driscoll in “New Call for Prosecution Against Soldiers”, IrishVoice online, www.irishabroad.com/news/irishinamerica/news/newcall.asp
[2] see Sean O’Driscoll in “New Call for Prosecution Against Soldiers”, IrishVoice online, www.irishabroad.com/news/irishinamerica/news/newcall.asp
[3] see Tracey Boles in “Dog of war builds £62m business on Iraq: Tim Spicer makes fortune from Pentagon deal”, The Sunday Times online, February 5 2006 http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article727132.ece
[4] “Letter from Congressman Meehan” , www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Aegis_Defence_Services
[5] Please refer to Part 14 of this Expose
[6] “In defence of Nujoma and Mugabe”, Windhoek Observer, Saturday, April 7 2007, p.18
[7] see Pamela Taylor/Infosud “Mercenaries on the rise”, Geneva Human Rights Tribune, April 4 2007, http://www.humanrights-geneva.info/article.php3?id_article=1451
[8] “'Trophy' Video Exposes Private Security Contractors Shooting Up Iraqi Drivers”, By Sean Rayment, The Sunday Telegraph UKonline, Sunday, November 27 2005 http://www.truthout.org/docs_2005/printer_112805A.shtml
[9] “Spanish Judge Calls for Architects of Iraq Invasion to be Tried for War Crimes”, By Vicky Short, World Socialist Web Site March 27 2007 www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/iraq/attack/law/2007/0327iraqwararchitects.htm.
[10] “Spanish Judge Calls for Architects of Iraq Invasion to be Tried for War Crimes”, By Vicky Short, World Socialist Web Site March 27 2007 www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/iraq/attack/law/2007/0327iraqwararchitects.htm.
[11] “World: Pinochet 'tortures not crimes against humanity'”, BBC Newsonline, Wednesday, January 27 1999 and “Appeal Upholds Crime Against Humanity Finding in Chilean Torture, By Catherine Wilson, Associated Press, March 15 2005
[12] “British Attorney General's Advice to Blair on Legality of Iraq War”, March 7 2003 www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/iraq/document/2003/0307advice.html
[13] “Profile: Simon Mann”, BBC Newsonline, Friday, September 10 2004
[14] “Simon Mann”, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Mann
[15] “Private Military Companies: Executive Outcomes”, The Privatization of Security in Africa, SAIIA, 1999 p.50-51 and “Mercenary Armies and Mineral Wealth” by Pratap Chatterjee, Covert Action Quarterly magazine Fall 1997 or see www.thirdworldtraveler.com/New_World_Order/Mercenaries_Minerals.html
[16] “NSHR lashes out over mercenaries”, The Namibian online, December 23 1998]
[17] “In Angola: Attack at the Yetwene Mine”, http://www.diamondregistry.com/yetwene.htm
[18] “Canadian mercenary corporation strikes oil in Uganda: Oil is potential source of conflict in Great Lakes Region”, African Union Front, www.africanfront.com/234.php and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Buckingham
[19] “War Crimes Prosecutor Files Indictment against Former Congolese Warlord, in First ICC Case”, By Arthur Max, Associated Press, August 28, 2006,www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/icc/investigations/drc/2006/0828lubanga.htm and “DRC troops jailed for war crimes”, BBC Newsonline, Tuesday, February 20 2007
[29] “Private Military Companies: Executive Outcomes”, The Privatization of Security in Africa, SAIIA, 1999
[21]see Alexander Von Paleske in “Mercenaries for hire: Part 1”, http://www.mmegi.bw/2007/February/Friday23/118.php
[22]see Anthony Barnett in “The tale of an ex-SAS hero and his chums Smelly and Scratcher”, The Observer, Sunday, July 18 2004
[23] “Executive Outcomes and its tangled links”, The Namibian online, July 7 1998 and “Govt looks into mercenary links”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998
[24] see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Buckingham
[25] “Tullow Oil plc—Regulatory Announcement” and ”REG-Tullow Oil PLC Well Test Results”, Released on March 1 2007, http://investor.tullowoil.com/tlw/ir/newsevents/rns/rnsitem
[26] “Govt looks into mercenary link”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998 and “Directors ‘ignorant’ of mercenary links”, The Namibian online, July 6 1998 and “Small miners lose first round in tourmaline battle”, The Namibian online, July 2 1998
[27] “Is Tony Buckingham the New Tiny Rowland?”, Executive Intelligence Review, August 21 1998, p. 62 or see www.africanfront.com/234.php?printable=1
[28] “Is Tony Buckingham the New Tiny Rowland?”, Executive Intelligence Review, August 21 1998, p. 62 or see www.africanfront.com/234.php?printable=1
[29] “Mercenary Boss Evicts Gem Miners In Namibia”, Africa Unification Front, www.africanfront.com/234.php and “’Indigo must be given fair chance”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998
[30] “Mercenary Boss Evicts Gem Miners In Namibia”, Africa Unification Front, www.africanfront.com/234.php, “Smuggling complicates mine problems”, The Namibian online, July 21 1998, “Thumbs down for Indigo loan”, The Namibian online, July 28 1998 and “’We’re clean and committed’-Hay”, The Namibian online, July 3 1998, “Small miners lose first round in tourmaline battle”, The Namibian online, July 2 1998, “'The fight is on' vows the Mayor”, The Namibian online, June 2 1998 and “Mining outfit's alleged 'tactics' spark unrest”, The Namibian online, June 1 1998
[31] “Is Tony Buckingham the New Tiny Rowland?”, Executive Intelligence Review, August 21 1998, p. 62 or see www.africanfront.com/234.php?printable=1;“Govt looks into mercenary link”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998, “Directors ‘ignorant’ of mercenary links”, The Namibian online, July 6 1998; and “’We’re clean and committed’-Hay”, The Namibian online, July 3 1998
[32] “Govt looks into mercenary link”, The Namibian online, July 24 1998
[33] “Tony Blair's Pet Bulldog?”, http://www.williambowles.info/ini/ini-0266.html and “Political assassination as a strategy against liberation movements”, www.glob.co.zw/homepage/political_assasination.html
[34] “Mercenary Simon Mann's last journey? by Dr. Alexander von Paleske Saturday, February 17 2007, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone/Botswana http://southafrica.indymedia.org/news/2007/02/12281.php
[35] “Zimbabwe government arrests coup plotters”, By Chris Talbot March 18 2004, http://www.wsws.org/articles/2004/mar2004/zimb-m18.shtml
[36]see Peter Stiff in “Assassination of Dr. David Webster: 1 May 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.330-339 and “Disruption of SWAPO: Operations Heyday and Victor”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.379-403
[37] “Checking SWAPO’s leadership: march 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.330, 386-387 and 408
[38] “Executive Outcomes ties lead to London and Bush”, Executive Intelligence Review, January 31 1997, pp. 42-43 by Roger Moore and Linda de Hoyos, http://www.aboutsudan.com/action/geopolitical/executive_outcomes.htm
[39]see James Sanders in “The MID solution”, Apartheid’s Friends: The Rise and Fall of South Africa’s Secret Service, John Murray Publishers 2006, p. 150-154
[40] “Operation Dual: The killing machine”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001 , p.107-116
[41] “Political assassination as a strategy against liberation movements”, www.glob.co.zw/homepage/political_assasination.html
[42] “The CCB’s part in disrupting SWAPO: April to Sept 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.383, 395 and 402
[43] “Disruption of SWAPO: Operations Heyday and Victor” and “The CCB’s part in disrupting SWAPO: April to Sept 1989”, Warfare by Other Means: South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, Galago 2001, p.379-382
[44] “Resolution 385 and the Kissinger ‘Shuttle’”, Where Others Wavered: Autobiography of Sam Nujoma, op.cit. p.254
[45] “Importance of the universal realization of the right of peoples to self-determination and of the speedy granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples for the effective guarantee and observance of human rights”, General Assembly, A/RES/37/43 and December 3 1982
[46] “Importance of the universal realization of the right of peoples to self-determination and of the speedy granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples for the effective guarantee and observance of human rights”, General Assembly, A/RES/37/43 and December 3 1982
[47] “NSHR lashes out over mercenaries”, The Namibian online, December 23 1998
[48] “President's book 'propaganda'’, The Namibian online, Friday, October 17 2003
[49] “You, the GRN, tolerated and facilitated the recruitment of mercenaries”, Windhoek Observer, March 20 2004 and “NSHR lashes out over mercenaries”, The Namibian online, December 23 1998 or see www.namibian.com.na/netstories/December98/nshrmercenaries and “Criminal Liability in Angola: A Case for Reparations and Compensation” http://www.paulbogdanor.com/angola2.pdf.
Stories & topics: 20 results
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 20 - Friday, February 29, 2008
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 19 - Friday, February 08, 2008
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 18 - Thursday, January 10, 2008
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - PART 17: NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS - Nujoma Must Explain: Who is Norma A Sinnette? - Tuesday, December 18, 2007
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - PART 16: BIBLICAL URIAH HAS ALIBI IN ENGOMBE CASE: AN EXPOSÉ - Wednesday, December 12, 2007
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 15 - Wednesday, October 03, 2007
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 14 - Wednesday, September 19, 2007
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 13 - Thursday, August 23, 2007
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 12 - Tuesday, July 10, 2007
- EXPOSÉ; Nujoma's CIA Connection - AN EXPOSÉ ABOUT NUJOMA’S CIA CONNECTIONS: PART 11 - thursday, June 14, 2007
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